मंगलबार भेटिएको महिलाको शव नेपाली सेनाका जवानले हत्या गरी फालेको पुष्टि भएको छ ।
form of state owned and public land occupied by landless people, conflict victims,
rebel groups, and boned labors today. It mostly exists in urban and semi urban areas
and also can be found in rural areas. It is neither officially recorded by the
government nor recognized by the cadastral system of Nepal (CSRC, 2009).
“Presently, 98% of Nepal’s farmland operates under Raikar tenure system. The name
is probably derived from the Sankrit words Rajya (state) and Kara (tax), thereby
denoting land on which state levies taxes. It means land on which taxes are payable to
the government and is listed in the official records. This distinguishes Raikar from
other forms of land tenure such as Birta, Guthi, and Kipat in which the occupant does
not necessarily pay taxes and for the most part they are not listed in official records”
(CSRC, 2009: 15).
“CBS defines Land Tenure as the system that refers to arrangement or right under
which the holder holds or uses holding land, land tenure relates to: area held in owner
like possession, area rented from others, area operated on a squatter basis, etc.” (CBS,
2004: NLSS Vol. 2. P. 4. as quoted in Dhakal, 2011:2).
Rights on Raikar land are limited to occupancy rights, vis-a- vis the state; however,
these rights can be freely sold or transferred to any person. After nationalization of
forest in 1957, management and protection of the forest was brought under
government control. The forest department became increasingly active and local
people found them excluded from the system, the people who had occupied the land
for generations but had no documented proof of ownership. Consequently, Chepangs
lost their right to land they had been tilling under shifting cultivation for generations
(CSRC, 2009).
Before the establishment of modern Nepal, and probably for some time afterwards, all
the above mentioned tribal groups held the land traditionally under a customary from
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